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Clinical features, biomarkers and diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents in Sana'a, Yemen.
- Source :
-
BMJ paediatrics open [BMJ Paediatr Open] 2024 Aug 03; Vol. 8 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 03. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Introduction: There is little published information on type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children in Yemen. We aimed to identify the clinical characteristics, biomarkers and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis of T1D among children and adolescents in a diabetes centre in Sana'a, Yemen.<br />Methods: A total of 485 children and adolescents aged ≤18 years diagnosed with T1D during the period 2010-2020 were included in the study. The variables investigated were demographic and clinical characteristics, biomarkers, subtypes of T1D, and the risk factors for severe DKA at diagnosis.<br />Results: At diagnosis, children aged <10 years compared with those aged ≥10 years had higher mean plasma glucose (p<0.001) and mean HbA1c (p=0.026), and lower mean C-peptide (pmol/L) (p=0.019), and a higher frequency of DKA at diagnosis than older children (p<0.001). A majority of the study population (383, 79%) presented in DKA . Children aged <10 years presenting with DKA had significantly longer median appraisal interval (p=0.009) and median total diagnosis interval (p=0.025), and significantly lower mean C-peptide (p=0.001) as compared with their peers without DKA. The prevalence of autoantibody-negative 'idiopathic' T1D was 36 (32%) of the total number tested for autoantibody and familial T1D 61 (12.6%) of all the study population.<br />Conclusion: In Yemen children aged <10 years with new-onset T1D frequently faced the challenge of a delay in diagnosis and treatment initiation, with severe hyperglycaemia and a higher risk of DKA at diagnosis.<br />Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.<br /> (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Yemen epidemiology
Child
Male
Adolescent
Female
Child, Preschool
Glycated Hemoglobin analysis
Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism
Risk Factors
Blood Glucose analysis
Blood Glucose metabolism
Retrospective Studies
Diabetic Ketoacidosis epidemiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis diagnosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 diagnosis
Biomarkers blood
C-Peptide blood
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2399-9772
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- BMJ paediatrics open
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39097331
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002680