Double trouble: an unusual case of Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive syndrome with liver abscess, gallbladder empyema and infective endocarditis.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive syndrome (KPIS) is characterized by primary pyogenic liver abscess associated with metastatic infections. Although rare, Klebsiella endocarditis carries a high mortality risk.
Case Presentation: A 60-year-old lady with type II diabetes mellitus presented with fever, malaise, right hypochondriac pain and vomiting for two weeks. Ultrasound abdomen revealed a collection within liver, and distended gallbladder with echogenic debris within. 3 days after ultrasound guided pigtail drainage of gallbladder empyema, newly presence murmur detected. Pus, urine, and blood cultures obtained were positive for Klebsiella pneumonia. Echocardiogram exhibited oscillating mass attached to anterior mitral valve leaflet. After 6 weeks of intravenous ceftriaxone, follow-up echocardiogram and ultrasound showed complete resolution of mitral valve vegetation, hepatic and gallbladder collection.
Conclusion: Concomitant extrahepatic infective endocarditis (IE) should raise concerns in daily practice for patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses, despite the rarity of Klebsiella endocarditis. In the absence of diagnostic suspicion, antibiotic treatment regimens may be shortened, and adverse effects from IE infection may ensue.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)