Impact of an educational intervention utilising a three-dimensional-printed model for ultrasound-guided intra-articular injections of the dislocated shoulder.

Objective: Intra-articular injection of local anaesthetic provides safe and effective analgesia for patients with shoulder dislocation. We designed a three-dimensional-printed ultrasound model of the shoulder to educate ED clinicians on use of this technique. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a 1-h training session using this model on participants' knowledge, skills and clinical practice.
Methods: This was a prospective study of the clinicians working at two EDs in New Zealand. Participants (n = 20) took part in a 1-h educational session. We tested participants' performance before the session, afterwards and at 3 months using a 10-point objective structured clinical examination. We reviewed clinical records to determine whether there was increased utilisation of this technique among ED patients before and after the training.
Results: There was improvement in participants' OCSE performance (median pre-training score = 4.00, median 3-month post-training score = 7.00, P = 0.044) and self-reported competence and knowledge, which were sustained to the end of the study. There was increased use of intra-articular injection among ED patients with shoulder dislocation: 2 of 68 patients (3%) before and 11 of 76 patients (14.5%) after the study. Notably, most were performed by clinicians who did not take part in the study (n = 9).
Conclusion: A 1-h training session using a three-dimensional-printed model improved participants objective structured clinical examination performance in ultrasound-guided injection of the shoulder joint. Although there was minimal change in the practice of participating clinicians, overall use of the procedure increased.
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