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An intranasal attenuated Coxsackievirus B3 vaccine induces strong systemic and mucosal immunity against CVB3 lethal challenge.
- Source :
-
Journal of medical virology [J Med Virol] 2024 Aug; Vol. 96 (8), pp. e29831. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) triggers viral myocarditis, with no effective vaccine yet. This fecal-oral transmitted pathogen has prompted interest in mucosal immunization strategies to impede CVB3 spread. We developed a new attenuated vaccine strain, named CVB3(mu). The potential of CVB3(mu) to stimulate mucosal immune protection remains to be elucidated. This study evaluates the attenuation characteristics of CVB3(mu) via a rapid evolution cellular model and RNA sequencing. Its temperature sensitivity and safety were evaluated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The mucosal immunity protection of CVB3(mu) was assessed via intranasal immunization in Balb/c mice. The results indicate that CVB3(mu) exhibits temperature sensitivity and forms smaller plaques. It sustains fewer genetic mutations and still possesses certain attenuated traits up to the 25th passage, in comparison to CVB3(WT). Intranasal immunization elicited a significant serum neutralizing antibodies, and a substantial sIgA response in nasal washes. In vivo trials revealed CVB3(mu) protection in adult mice and passive protection in suckling mice against lethal CVB3(WT) challenges. In conclusion, CVB3(mu), a live attenuated intranasal vaccine, provides protection involving humoral and mucosal immunity, making it a promising candidate to control CVB3 spread and infection.<br /> (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Mice
Immunoglobulin A, Secretory immunology
Humans
Female
Disease Models, Animal
Immunity, Mucosal
Administration, Intranasal
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Enterovirus B, Human immunology
Vaccines, Attenuated immunology
Vaccines, Attenuated administration & dosage
Antibodies, Viral blood
Antibodies, Viral immunology
Antibodies, Neutralizing blood
Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
Coxsackievirus Infections immunology
Coxsackievirus Infections prevention & control
Viral Vaccines immunology
Viral Vaccines administration & dosage
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-9071
- Volume :
- 96
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of medical virology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39072815
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.29831