Epicardial Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation During Cardiac Surgery.

Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures Mayo Clinic has pursued protection of intellectual property, including in the form of patents and patent applications, naming Dr Asirvatham as inventor, related to the information disclosed herein, and licensed to AtriAN Medical Ltd. Dr De Groot has received research grants through his institution from Atricure, Bayer, Boston Scientific, Daiichi Sankyo, Johnson & Johnson, and Medtronic; and honoraria/consultancy/speaker fees from AtriaN, Atricure Inc, Bayer, Berlin Chemie, Biotronik, CVOI, Daiichi Sankyo, Medtronic, Menarini, Novartis, and Servier. Dr Reddy has received consulting fees (and equity, now divested) from Farapulse Inc; has served as a consultant for Boston Scientific Inc; unrelated to this paper, has also served as a consultant for and has equity in Ablacon, Acutus Medical, Affera-Medtronic, Anumana, Apama Medical–Boston Scientific, APN Health, AquaHeart, AtaCor, AtriAn, Autonomix, Axon Therapies, Backbeat, BioSig, CardiaCare, CardioFocus, CardioNXT/AFTx, Circa Scientific, CoRISMA, Corvia Medical, Dinova-Hangzhou DiNovA EP Technology, East End Medical, EPD-Philips, EP Frontiers, EPIX Therapeutics–Medtronic, EpiEP, Eximo, Field Medical, Focused Therapeutics, HRT, InterShunt, Javelin, Kardium, Keystone Heart, Laminar Medical, LuxMed, MedLumics, Middlepeak, Neutrace, Nuvera–Biosense Webster, Oracle Health, Restore Medical, Sirona Medical, SoundCath, and Valcare; unrelated to this work, has served as a consultant for Abbott, Adagio Medical, Append Medical, AtriAN, Biosense Webster, BioTel Heart, Biotronik, Cardiac, Cardionomic, CoreMap, Fire1, Gore & Associates, Impulse Dynamics, Medtronic, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Philips, Pulse Biosciences; and unrelated to this work, has equity in Atraverse, DRS Vascular, Manual Surgical Sciences, Newpace, Nyra Medical, SoundCath, Surecor, and VizaraMed. Petr Neuzil and Dr Shaburishvili have received grant support from AtriAN. Dr O’Brien, Mr Coffey, and Mr Reilly are employees of AtriAN. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Atrial Deganglionation as a Therapy for Cardiac Surgery Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [NEURAL-AF-2]; NCT05426759).