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Potential Role of APOBEC3 Family Proteins in SARS-CoV-2 Replication.
- Source :
-
Viruses [Viruses] 2024 Jul 16; Vol. 16 (7). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 16. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has acquired multiple mutations since its emergence. Analyses of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes from infected patients exhibit a bias toward C-to-U mutations, which are suggested to be caused by the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3, A3) cytosine deaminase proteins. However, the role of A3 enzymes in SARS-CoV-2 replication remains unclear. To address this question, we investigated the effect of A3 family proteins on SARS-CoV-2 replication in the myeloid leukemia cell line THP-1 lacking A3A to A3G genes. The Wuhan, BA.1, and BA.5 variants had comparable viral replication in parent and A3A -to- A3G -null THP-1 cells stably expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein. On the other hand, the replication and infectivity of these variants were abolished in A3A -to- A3G -null THP-1-ACE2 cells in a series of passage experiments over 20 days. In contrast to previous reports, we observed no evidence of A3-induced SARS-CoV-2 mutagenesis in the passage experiments. Furthermore, our analysis of a large number of publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes did not reveal conclusive evidence for A3-induced mutagenesis. Our studies suggest that A3 family proteins can positively contribute to SARS-CoV-2 replication; however, this effect is deaminase-independent.
- Subjects :
- Humans
THP-1 Cells
Mutation
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 metabolism
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 genetics
Genome, Viral
Virus Replication
SARS-CoV-2 genetics
SARS-CoV-2 physiology
SARS-CoV-2 metabolism
APOBEC Deaminases metabolism
APOBEC Deaminases genetics
COVID-19 virology
COVID-19 metabolism
Cytidine Deaminase metabolism
Cytidine Deaminase genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1999-4915
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39066304
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071141