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Plasma itraconazole concentrations during treatment of feline sporotrichosis.
- Source :
-
Medical mycology [Med Mycol] 2024 Aug 02; Vol. 62 (8). - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Itraconazole (ITZ) is the most used drug to treat feline sporotrichosis; however, little is known about its pharmacokinetics in cats with this mycosis. The aim of this study was to determine plasma ITZ concentrations in cats with sporotrichosis treated with ITZ as monotherapy or in combination with potassium iodide (KI). Cats diagnosed with sporotrichosis received orally ITZ (100 mg/cat/day) or combination therapy with ITZ (100 mg/cat/day) and KI (2.5-5 mg/kg/day) in the case of worsening or stagnation of the clinical condition. At each monthly visit, blood samples were collected at an interval of 4 h for analysis of trough and peak plasma ITZ concentrations by HPLC. Clinical features and laboratory parameters were evaluated during follow-up. Sixteen cats were included in the study. The median plasma ITZ concentration of all cats was 0.75 µg/mL. The median plasma ITZ concentration was 0.5 µg/mL in cats that received ITZ monotherapy (n = 12) and 1.0 µg/mL in those treated with ITZ + KI (n = 4). The clinical cure rate was 56.3% (n = 9) and the median treatment duration was 8 weeks. Nine cats (56.3%) developed adverse clinical reactions, and hyporexia was the most frequent (n = 8; 88.9%). Serum alanine aminotransferase was elevated in four cats (25%). The median plasma ITZ concentration detected in cats was considered to be therapeutic (>0.5 µg/mL) and was reached after 4 weeks of treatment. Plasma ITZ concentrations were higher in cats that received ITZ + KI compared to those treated only with ITZ, suggesting pharmacokinetic synergism between these drugs.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cats
Male
Female
Treatment Outcome
Drug Therapy, Combination
Administration, Oral
Plasma chemistry
Sporotrichosis drug therapy
Sporotrichosis veterinary
Sporotrichosis blood
Itraconazole blood
Itraconazole pharmacokinetics
Itraconazole administration & dosage
Itraconazole therapeutic use
Cat Diseases drug therapy
Cat Diseases blood
Cat Diseases microbiology
Antifungal Agents pharmacokinetics
Antifungal Agents blood
Antifungal Agents therapeutic use
Antifungal Agents administration & dosage
Potassium Iodide therapeutic use
Potassium Iodide administration & dosage
Potassium Iodide pharmacokinetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1460-2709
- Volume :
- 62
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Medical mycology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39049454
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myae076