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Associations of adverse childhood experiences with depression and anxiety among children in the United States: Racial and ethnic disparities in mental health.
- Source :
-
Journal of affective disorders [J Affect Disord] 2024 Oct 01; Vol. 362, pp. 645-651. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Objective: To assess associations of ACEs with depression and anxiety, with special emphasis on potential racial and ethnic disparities.<br />Method: Data were from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), 2021-2022, a large, cross-sectional, nationally representative, population-based study of United States children aged 0-17. The associations of cumulative ACEs with depression and anxiety among 104,205 children and adolescents were assessed via multivariable logistic regression, including adjustment for age, sex, race, household income, and parental educational attainment.<br />Results: ACEs were associated with depression and anxiety in a linear, dose-dependent manner. After adjustment for covariates, compared to no ACE exposures, participants with exposures to one, two, and three ACEs exhibited significantly higher odds of depression (fully-adjusted ORs and 95 % CIs = 2.18 [2.03, 2.35], 4.95 [4.55, 5.39], and 11.39 [10.18, 12.75], respectively). For anxiety, compared to no ACEs exposures, participants with exposure to one, two, and three ACEs had significantly higher odds of anxiety (fully-adjusted ORs and 95 % CIs = 1.90 [1.81, 2.00], 3.66 [3.44, 3.90], and 6.91 [6.30, 7.58], respectively). Notably, stratified analyses indicated potential effect modification by race, wherein the associations of ACEs with depression and anxiety were strongest in Black and White participants.<br />Conclusion: ACEs were robustly associated with depression and anxiety in a national sample of U.S. children and adolescents, with differential impacts of ACES on mental health observed across racial and ethnic groups. These findings underscore the need for urgent government and healthcare interventions and policies to ameliorate ACEs' health effects, especially among disproportionately impacted minority groups.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Child
United States epidemiology
Female
Male
Adolescent
Cross-Sectional Studies
Child, Preschool
Health Status Disparities
Ethnicity statistics & numerical data
Ethnicity psychology
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Mental Health statistics & numerical data
Mental Health ethnology
Health Surveys
Adverse Childhood Experiences statistics & numerical data
Depression ethnology
Depression epidemiology
Anxiety ethnology
Anxiety epidemiology
Anxiety psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-2517
- Volume :
- 362
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of affective disorders
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39029666
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.121