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Individual and joint effects of organophosphate esters and hypertension or diabetes on renal injury among Chinese adults.
- Source :
-
International journal of hygiene and environmental health [Int J Hyg Environ Health] 2024 Aug; Vol. 261, pp. 114424. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 16. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Exposure to environmental contaminants and the development of hypertension and diabetes represent crucial risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Toxicological studies have revealed that organophosphate esters (OPEs) impair kidney function. However, the joint effects of OPE exposure on kidney injury and the interactions of OPE exposure with hypertension or diabetes on kidney injury remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the individual and joint effects of OPE exposure on renal injury, as well as the potential interaction between OPE exposure and hypertension or diabetes on kidney injury. The study enrolled 1938 participants from Wuhan, China. To explore the relationship between OPE exposure and renal injury, we conducted multivariate linear and logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that each unit increase in 4-hydroxyphenyl diphenyl phosphate (4-HO-DPHP), bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP), and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) (1 μg/L-ln transformed) was associated with a decreased 0.57 mL/min/1.73 m <superscript>2</superscript> (95%CI: -1.05, -0.09), 0.85 mL/min/1.73 m <superscript>2</superscript> (95%CI: -1.52, -0.19) and 1.24 mL/min/1.73 m <superscript>2</superscript> (95%CI: -2.26, -0.23) of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), while each unit increase in 4-HO-DPHP and BBOEP (1 μg/L-ln transformed) was associated with 14% and 20% elevation of incident impaired renal function (IRF) risk. Notably the highest tertile of BCIPHIPP was positively associated with eGFR, although the p for trend > 0.05. We employed Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quartile-based g-computation (qgcomp) models to explore the joint effects of OPE mixtures on eGFR and IRF. Both the results of BKMR and qgcomp model consistently demonstrated negative associations between OPE mixtures and eGFR, and TCEP and 4-HO-DPHP were major contributors. Furthermore, we observed multiplicative interactions of diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), BBOEP, di-ocresyl phosphate (DoCP) & di-p-cresyl phosphate (DpCP), 1-hydroxy-2-propyl bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPHIPP) and hypertension or diabetes on kidney injury (all P<0.05). Those with diabetes or hypertension and higher OPE metabolite concentrations had increased risk of kidney function impairment compared to those who did not have diabetes or hypertension. These findings suggest that specific OPE exposure may elevate the risk of renal injury, particularly among hypertensive and diabetic populations.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing interests in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Female
China epidemiology
Adult
Esters
Environmental Pollutants toxicity
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic chemically induced
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic epidemiology
Aged
Environmental Exposure adverse effects
Glomerular Filtration Rate drug effects
East Asian People
Hypertension chemically induced
Hypertension epidemiology
Organophosphates toxicity
Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1618-131X
- Volume :
- 261
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of hygiene and environmental health
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39019002
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114424