Health technologies for tackling client absenteeism in primary and secondary care services.

Background: Tackling client absenteeism in primary and secondary care settings is crucial to ensure the continuity of care for individuals, families and communities, as well as preventing waste of resources within healthcare systems.
Methodology: This article is an integrative review to identify advancements in health technologies that address client absenteeism in primary and secondary care. The databases Medical Literature and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed®), Scientific Electronic Library Online and Virtual Health Library were consulted. The inclusion criteria were as follows: full papers, published between 2013 and 2023, in English, Portuguese or Spanish. The descriptors used were the following: patients, mobile applications, health services management, absenteeism and primary care, and secondary care. Eleven articles published from 2014 to 2021 were included.
Results: Most articles were identified in the MEDLINE/PUBMED database, employed a randomized controlled trial methodology (36.36%), and were published between 2019 and 2021 (90.0%) in English (63.7%). The applications had managerial, assistive and/or educational purposes. In addition to absenteeism control, these applications strived to promote client engagement with health services, increase health literacy and tackle structural barriers to care, such as language barriers.
Conclusion: Efforts are needed to ensure that providers receive training to educate clients on the applications. Moreover, community-based participatory studies to ensure the feasibility of applications are warranted.
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