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Difficulty in diagnosing intracranial infection caused by Mycobacterium avium in an AIDS patient: case report and review of the literature.
- Source :
-
Diagnostic pathology [Diagn Pathol] 2024 Jul 09; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 96. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 09. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Background: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is an uncommon clinical pathogen, especially in the central nervous system (CNS), and carries a poor prognosis. MAC infections commonly present as immune reconstitution disease (IRD) in HIV patients. Herein, we report a case of intracranial infection caused by MAC in an AIDS patient without disseminated MAC (DMAC) and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).<br />Case Presentation: A 31-year-old HIV-positive male presented us with progressively worsening CNS symptoms, and neuroimaging revealed ring-enhancing lesions. The intracranial lesions worsened after the empirical therapy for toxoplasma encephalitis and fungal infection. Due to the rapid progression of the disease, the patient died. Mycobacterium avium was the only pathogen in brain tissue after cultures and molecular biology tests.<br />Conclusion: MAC infection in CNS is challenging to diagnose in HIV patients. Our findings emphasize that obtaining tissue samples and applying molecular biology methods is essential to help diagnose the patient as soon as possible to receive adequate treatment.<br /> (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Male
Adult
Fatal Outcome
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome complications
Brain pathology
Brain microbiology
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection diagnosis
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection microbiology
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection complications
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections microbiology
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections diagnosis
Mycobacterium avium Complex isolation & purification
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1746-1596
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Diagnostic pathology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38982440
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-024-01515-z