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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Staphylococcus aureus infections in pediatric patients admitted with community acquired pneumonia.
- Source :
-
Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Jul 08; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 15737. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 08. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly transformed the infection spectrum of various pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections among pediatric patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP). We retrospectively reviewed pediatric CAP admissions before (from 2018 to 2019) and during (from 2020 to 2022) the COVID-19 pandemic. The epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of S. aureus isolates were examined to assess the pandemic's effect. As a result, a total of 399 pediatric CAP patients with S. aureus infections were included. The positivity rate, gender, and age distribution of patients were similar across both periods. There was a marked reduction in respiratory co-infections with Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to 2019. Additionally, there were significant changes in the resistance profiles of S. aureus isolates to various antibiotics. Resistance to oxacillin and tetracycline increased, whereas resistance to penicillin, gentamicin, and quinolones decreased. Notably, resistance to erythromycin significantly decreased in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. The number of S. aureus isolates, the proportion of viral co-infections, and the number of resistant strains typically peaked seasonally, primarily in the first or fourth quarters of 2018, 2019, and 2021. However, shifts in these patterns were noted in the first quarter of 2020 and the fourth quarter of 2022. These findings reveal that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the infection dynamics of S. aureus among pediatric CAP patients, as evidenced by changes in respiratory co-infections, AMR patterns, and seasonal trends.<br /> (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Female
Male
Child
Child, Preschool
Retrospective Studies
Infant
Adolescent
Coinfection epidemiology
Coinfection microbiology
SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification
SARS-CoV-2 drug effects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus drug effects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification
Pandemics
Hospitalization
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
COVID-19 epidemiology
COVID-19 microbiology
COVID-19 complications
Community-Acquired Infections epidemiology
Community-Acquired Infections microbiology
Community-Acquired Infections drug therapy
Staphylococcus aureus drug effects
Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification
Staphylococcal Infections epidemiology
Staphylococcal Infections drug therapy
Staphylococcal Infections microbiology
Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2045-2322
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Scientific reports
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38977804
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66071-4