Urinary MicroRNA biomarkers of nephrotoxicity in Macaca fascicularis.

Drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) refers to kidney damage resulting from the administration of medications. The aim of this project was to identify reliable urinary microRNA (miRNAs) biomarkers that can be used as potential predictors of DIKI before disease diagnosis. This study quantified a panel of six miRNAs (miRs-210-3p, 423-5p, 143-3p, 130b-3p, 486-5p, 193a-3p) across multiple time points using urinary samples from a previous investigation evaluating effects of a nephrotoxicant in cynomolgus monkeys. Exosome-associated miRNA exhibited distinctive trends when compared to miRNAs quantified in whole urine, which may reflect a different urinary excretion mechanism of miRNAs than those released passively into the urine. Although further research and mechanistic studies are required to elucidate how these miRNAs regulate signaling in disease pathways, we present, for the first time, data that several miRNAs displayed strong correlations with histopathology scores, thus indicating their potential use as biomarkers to predict the development of DIKI in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Also, these findings can potentially be translated into other non-clinical species or human for the detection of DIKI.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The following authors are employed in the pharmaceutical industries (at the time of article submission): P.K.M., B.B., A.E., E.V., T.S., D.D.W., A.S, T.R.V. The opinions presented here are those of the authors. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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