Comparison of maternal 25 (OH) vitamin D levels between premature infants with/without asphyxia.

Objectives: Perinatal asphyxia is the main risk factor for mortality and morbidity in neonates and neurological disorders in survived infants. We compared the neonatal and maternal 25 (OH) vitamin D levels in neonates with/without asphyxia.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional research was done on 229 neonates (including 158 neonates [69%] without asphyxia [control group] and 71 neonates [31%] with asphyxia [case group]) from 2020 to 2023 using the available sampling method. 25 (OH) Vit D levels in mothers and neonates were assessed and compared in the 2 groups. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made checklist, containing the maternal and neonatal characteristics and laboratory evaluations. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 using the t-test.
Results: The mean maternal 25 (OH) Vit D levels in the case and control groups were 16.34±11.87 and 22.80±12.67 ng/mL, respectively. The mean neonatal 25 (OH) Vit D levels in the case and control groups were respectively 12.13±8.62 and 19.55±11.62 ng/mL (P = 0.002). The case group showed severer maternal and neonatal 25 (OH) Vit D deficiency (P = 0.000) compared to the control group.
Conclusions: Neonatal and maternal 25 (OH) Vit D deficiency can increase the risk of perinatal asphyxia. Therefore, administration of 25 (OH) Vit D supplements to pregnant mothers may reduce the incidence of asphyxia.