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Vascular calcification in kidney stone formers: the impact of age and stone composition.
- Source :
-
Urolithiasis [Urolithiasis] 2024 Jun 21; Vol. 52 (1), pp. 97. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 21. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- An increased prevalence of vascular calcification (VC) has been reported in kidney stone formers (KSFs), along with an elevated cardiovascular risk. The aim of the current study is to assess whether VC in these patients develops at a younger age and is influenced by stone composition. This single-center, matched case-control study included KSFs with uric acid or calcium oxalate stones (diagnosed based on stone analysis) and age- and sex-matched controls without a history of nephrolithiasis. The prevalence and severity of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and bone mineral density (BMD) were compared between KSFs and non-KSFs. In total, 335 patients were investigated: 134 with calcium oxalate stones, 67 with uric acid stones, and 134 controls. Overall, the prevalence of AAC was significantly higher among calcium stone formers than among the controls (67.9% vs. 47%, p = 0.002). In patients under 60 years of age, those with calcium oxalate stones exhibited both a significantly elevated AAC prevalence (61.9% vs. 31.3%, p = 0.016) and severity (94.8 ± 15.4 vs. 30.3 ± 15.95, p = 0.001) compared to the controls. Within the age group of 40-49, osteoporosis was identified only in the KSFs. Multivariate analysis identified age, smoking, and the presence of calcium stones as independent predictors of AAC. This study highlights that VC and osteoporosis occur in KSFs at a younger age than in non-stone-formers, suggesting potential premature VC. Its pathogenesis is intriguing and needs to be elucidated. Early evaluation and intervention may be crucial for mitigating the cardiovascular risk in this population.<br /> (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Middle Aged
Female
Male
Case-Control Studies
Adult
Age Factors
Prevalence
Uric Acid analysis
Aged
Aorta, Abdominal pathology
Aorta, Abdominal diagnostic imaging
Severity of Illness Index
Osteoporosis epidemiology
Osteoporosis etiology
Vascular Calcification epidemiology
Vascular Calcification complications
Kidney Calculi chemistry
Kidney Calculi epidemiology
Kidney Calculi complications
Calcium Oxalate analysis
Bone Density
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2194-7236
- Volume :
- 52
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Urolithiasis
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38904673
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-024-01597-w