Direct carotid cavernous fistula treated with transvenous approach: a case report.

Introduction: Carotid cavernous fistulas are uncommon vascular abnormalities marked by anomalous connections between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. The authors present a case of a direct carotid cavernous fistula and its successful treatment in a 42-year-old female.
Case Presentation: A 42-year-old female presented with right eye painful swelling and visual disturbance. She had no known comorbidities or history of injury. Examination showed proptosis, chemosis, and orbital bruit. Carotid angiography confirmed a carotid cavernous fistula, which was managed endovascularly. The patient fully recovered after treatment.
Discussion: Carotid cavernous fistula occurs spontaneously or as a result of trauma or other vascular abnormalities. Common clinical manifestations include proptosis, chemosis, and orbital bruit, with vision loss being a feared complication. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through angiography, with digital subtraction angiography being the gold standard. Endovascular treatment is usually effective, although surgical management may be necessary in certain cases.
Conclusion: Carotid cavernous fistula is a rare but potentially sight-threatening neurological condition. Treatment with a transvenous approach is effective for the management of direct carotid cavernous fistula.
Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article.
(Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)