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Enhanced ophthalmic bioavailability and stability of atropine sulfate via sustained release particles using polystyrene sulfonate resin.
- Source :
-
International journal of pharmaceutics [Int J Pharm] 2024 Jul 20; Vol. 660, pp. 124294. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 31. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Atropine sulfate (ATS) eye drops at low concentrations constitute a limited selection for myopia treatment, with challenges such as low ophthalmic bioavailability and inadequate stability. This study proposes a novel strategy by synthesizing ophthalmic sodium polystyrene sulfonate resin (SPSR) characterized by a spherical shape and uniform size for cationic exchange with ATS. The formulation of ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops incorporates xanthan gum and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as suspending agents. In vitro studies demonstrated that ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops exhibited sustained release characteristics, and tropic acid, its degradation product, remained undetected for 30 days at 40 °C. The ATS levels in the tear fluids and aqueous humor of New Zealand rabbits indicated a significant increase in mean residence time (MRT) and area under the drug concentration-time curve (AUC <subscript>0-12</subscript> <subscript>h</subscript> ) for ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops compared to conventional ATS eye drops. Moreover, safety assessment confirmed the non-irritating nature of ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops in rabbit eyes. In conclusion, the cation-responsive sustained-release ATS@SPSR suspension eye drops enhanced the bioavailability and stability of ATS, offering a promising avenue for myopia treatment.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Rabbits
Male
Hypromellose Derivatives chemistry
Tears metabolism
Drug Liberation
Aqueous Humor metabolism
Polysaccharides, Bacterial chemistry
Administration, Ophthalmic
Biological Availability
Delayed-Action Preparations pharmacokinetics
Polystyrenes chemistry
Polystyrenes pharmacokinetics
Ophthalmic Solutions pharmacokinetics
Ophthalmic Solutions administration & dosage
Atropine pharmacokinetics
Atropine administration & dosage
Atropine chemistry
Drug Stability
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-3476
- Volume :
- 660
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- International journal of pharmaceutics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38823467
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124294