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The impact of smoking on COVID-19-related mortality: a Brazilian national cohort study.
- Source :
-
Addictive behaviors [Addict Behav] 2024 Sep; Vol. 156, pp. 108070. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 25. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Introduction: Current evidence suggests the potential heightened vulnerability of smokers to severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outcomes.<br />Aims: This study aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes and mortality related to tobacco use in a cohort of hospitalized Brazilian COVID-19 patients.<br />Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed adults hospitalized for COVID-19 in Brazil using the SIVEP-Gripe database (official data reported by public and private healthcare facilities for monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome cases in Brazil). The inclusion criteria were patients over 18 years of age with a positive RT-qPCR test for SARS-CoV-2. The analysis focused on in-hospital mortality, considering smoking as an exposure variable, and included covariates such as age, gender, and comorbidities. Smoking history was collected from the self-reported field in the database. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, crude Odds Ratios, and multivariable binary logistic regression.<br />Results: This study included 2,124,285 COVID-19 patients, among whom 44,774 (2.1 %) were smokers. The average age of the smokers was higher than that of the never-smokers (65.3 years vs. 59.7 years). The clinical outcomes revealed that smokers had higher rates of intensive care unit admission (51.6 % vs. 37.2 % for never-smokers), invasive ventilatory support (31.5 % vs. 20.2 % for never-smokers), and higher mortality (42.7 % vs. 31.8 % for never smokers). In the multivariable analysis, smokers demonstrated a heightened risk of death (aOR 1.23; 95 % CI 1.19-1.25).<br />Conclusions: This large populational-based cohort study confirms the current evidence and underscore the critical importance of recognizing smoking as a substantial risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Brazil epidemiology
Male
Female
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
Aged
Adult
Cohort Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Risk Factors
Hospitalization statistics & numerical data
Comorbidity
Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data
Respiration, Artificial statistics & numerical data
COVID-19 mortality
Hospital Mortality
Smoking epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1873-6327
- Volume :
- 156
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Addictive behaviors
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38796931
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108070