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Association of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Cognitive Performance and Dementia Risk and the Mediating Role of Pulmonary Function: Evidence From the UK Biobank.
- Source :
-
The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences [J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci] 2024 Jul 01; Vol. 79 (7). - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- Background: The pathways by which air pollution affects cognition remain to be explored. This study aimed to explore how single air pollutants [including nitrogen oxide (NOX), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5), PM10, and PM2.5-10], and air pollution mixture could affect cognitive function and the incidence of dementia, and determine whether pulmonary function (PF) could play a mediating role in the relationship.<br />Methods: Multiple statistical methods were employed to evaluate association of 5 air pollutants (NOX, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5-10) with cognitive function. Bootstrap method was used to estimate mediating role of PF in the association of air pollutants with cognition or the incidence of dementia.<br />Results: A mixture of air pollutants was associated with performance on 5 cognitive tests, and global cognition (p < .05). Significantly negative association was also identified between mixture of air pollutants and PF (β= -0.020, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.029 to -0.011). In addition, as PF scores increase, performance on all cognitive tests significantly improve, although the risk of dementia correspondingly decreases. It was noted that PF was shown to mediate the effects of air pollution mixtures on all cognitive tests as well as global cognition. For global cognition, PF mediated 6.08% of the association. PF was also found to have a mediating role in the association between NOX, NO2, PM2.5, and the risk of dementia.<br />Conclusions: Mixed air pollution may impact cognitive function, with PF potentially mediating this relationship.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Male
Female
United Kingdom epidemiology
Aged
Middle Aged
Biological Specimen Banks
Nitrogen Dioxide adverse effects
Nitrogen Dioxide analysis
Nitrogen Oxides adverse effects
Nitrogen Oxides analysis
Respiratory Function Tests
Risk Factors
UK Biobank
Dementia epidemiology
Dementia etiology
Dementia chemically induced
Air Pollutants adverse effects
Cognition drug effects
Environmental Exposure adverse effects
Particulate Matter adverse effects
Air Pollution adverse effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1758-535X
- Volume :
- 79
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38784975
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glae139