Genome sequence of two novel virulent clinical strains of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolated from acute melioidosis cases imported to Israel from India and Thailand.

Objective: Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiological cause of melioidosis, is a soil saprophyte endemic in South-East Asia, where it constitutes a public health concern of high-priority. Melioidosis cases are sporadically identified in nonendemic areas, usually associated with travelers or import of goods from endemic regions. Due to extensive intercontinental traveling and the anticipated climate change-associated alterations of the soil bacterial flora, there is an increasing concern for inadvertent establishment of novel endemic areas, which may expand the global burden of melioidosis. Rapid diagnosis, isolation and characterization of B. pseudomallei isolates is therefore of utmost importance particularly in non-endemic locations.
Data Description: We report the genome sequences of two novel clinical isolates (MWH2021 and MST2022) of B. pseudomallei identified in distinct acute cases of melioidosis diagnosed in two individuals arriving to Israel from India and Thailand, respectively. The data includes preliminary genetic analysis of the genomes determining their phylogenetic classification in rapport to the genomes of 131 B. pseudomallei strains documented in the NCBI database. Inspection of the genomic data revealed the presence or absence of loci encoding for several documented virulence determinants involved in the molecular pathogenesis of melioidosis. Virulence analysis in murine models of acute or chronic melioidosis established that both strains belong to the highly virulent class of B. pseudomalleii.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)