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Vaccination with nanoparticles displaying gH/gL from Epstein-Barr virus elicits limited cross-protection against rhesus lymphocryptovirus.
- Source :
-
Cell reports. Medicine [Cell Rep Med] 2024 Jun 18; Vol. 5 (6), pp. 101587. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 22. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with infectious mononucleosis, cancer, and multiple sclerosis. A vaccine that prevents infection and/or EBV-associated morbidity is an unmet need. The viral gH/gL glycoprotein complex is essential for infectivity, making it an attractive vaccine target. Here, we evaluate the immunogenicity of a gH/gL nanoparticle vaccine adjuvanted with the Sigma Adjuvant System (SAS) or a saponin/monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticle (SMNP) in rhesus macaques. Formulation with SMNP elicits higher titers of neutralizing antibodies and more vaccine-specific CD4 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells. All but one animal in the SMNP group were infected after oral challenge with the EBV ortholog rhesus lymphocryptovirus (rhLCV). Their immune plasma had a 10- to 100-fold lower reactivity against rhLCV gH/gL compared to EBV gH/gL. Anti-EBV neutralizing monoclonal antibodies showed reduced binding to rhLCV gH/gL, demonstrating that EBV gH/gL neutralizing epitopes are poorly conserved on rhLCV gH/gL. Prevention of rhLCV infection despite antigenic disparity supports clinical development of gH/gL nanoparticle vaccines against EBV.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of interests A.T.M. holds a patent (US11116835B2) on the AMMO1 monoclonal antibody. D.J.I. is an inventor on a patent related to SMNP adjuvant (US11,547,672).<br /> (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibodies, Viral immunology
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections immunology
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections prevention & control
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections virology
Viral Vaccines immunology
Viral Vaccines administration & dosage
Adjuvants, Immunologic administration & dosage
Adjuvants, Immunologic pharmacology
Humans
Herpesviridae Infections prevention & control
Herpesviridae Infections immunology
Herpesviridae Infections virology
Macaca mulatta
Nanoparticles chemistry
Herpesvirus 4, Human immunology
Lymphocryptovirus immunology
Vaccination methods
Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2666-3791
- Volume :
- 5
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cell reports. Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38781964
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101587