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Comorbidity among symptoms of internet gaming disorder, social withdrawal, and depression in 3430 young people in Hong Kong: A network analysis.
- Source :
-
Journal of affective disorders [J Affect Disord] 2024 Aug 15; Vol. 359, pp. 319-326. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 21. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Background: The present study aimed to examine the comorbidity among symptoms of internet gaming disorder (IGD), social withdrawal, and depression using the network perspective.<br />Methods: An online survey recruited 3430 young people in Hong Kong (mean age = 19.4 years, 80.5 % male) via gaming channels in 2019. The participants completed the 9-item IGD Scale, Hikikomori Questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Network analysis was conducted using R to estimate the central symptoms of IGD and depression in individual networks and identified the bridge symptoms in combined network of IGD, social withdrawal, and depressive symptoms.<br />Results: All network models showed high stability. 'Withdrawal', 'Loss of control', and 'Tolerance' were the central IGD symptoms, while 'Depressed mood' and 'Self-blame/guilt' were the central depressive symptoms. The bridge symptoms were 'Gaming as escape or mood relief' from IGD cluster, 'Depressed mood' and 'Self-blame/guilt' from depression cluster, and 'Marked social isolation at home' and 'Significant distress due to social isolation' from social withdrawal cluster. The combined network showed no significant differences in network structure and global strength across gender and age groups.<br />Limitations: The cross-sectional sample only indicated undirected associations between the symptoms in the three clusters and could not model the intra-individual variation.<br />Conclusions: The present study provided the first results on the comorbidity among IGD, social withdrawal, and depression at a symptom level among Chinese young people via network analysis. The bridge symptoms highlight potential targets for interventions of comorbidity among the disorders.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Male
Hong Kong epidemiology
Female
Young Adult
Adolescent
Cross-Sectional Studies
Adult
Surveys and Questionnaires
Video Games statistics & numerical data
Video Games psychology
Internet Addiction Disorder epidemiology
Internet Addiction Disorder psychology
Comorbidity
Depression epidemiology
Depression psychology
Social Isolation psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1573-2517
- Volume :
- 359
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of affective disorders
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38777272
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.091