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Influence of intravenous fentanyl or dexmedetomidine infusions, combined with lidocaine and ketamine, on cardiovascular response, sevoflurane requirement and postoperative pain in dogs anesthetized for unilateral mastectomy.
- Source :
-
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia [Vet Anaesth Analg] 2024 Jul-Aug; Vol. 51 (4), pp. 381-390. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 18. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Objective: To compare the effects of constant rate infusions (CRI) of fentanyl or dexmedetomidine, combined with lidocaine and ketamine, on cardiovascular response during surgery, sevoflurane requirement and postoperative pain in dogs undergoing mastectomy.<br />Study Design: Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical trial.<br />Animals: A total of 29 female dogs with mammary tumors.<br />Methods: Premedication consisted of intramuscular acepromazine and morphine. General anesthesia was induced with intravenous propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. Dogs were randomized to be administered intravenous DLK [dexmedetomidine 1 μg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> loading dose (LD) and 1 μg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> hour <superscript>-1</superscript> ; lidocaine 2 mg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> LD and 3 mg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> hour <superscript>-1</superscript> ; ketamine 1 mg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> LD and 0.6 mg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> hour <superscript>-1</superscript> ; n = 14] or FLK (fentanyl 5 μg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> LD and 9 μg kg <superscript>-1</superscript> hour <superscript>-1</superscript> ; same doses of lidocaine and ketamine; n = 15) during anesthesia. Cardiorespiratory variables and end-tidal sevoflurane (Fe'Sevo) were recorded during surgery. The number of dogs administered ephedrine to treat arterial hypotension [mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 60 mmHg] was recorded. Meloxicam was administered to both groups. Postoperative pain and rescue analgesia requirement were assessed for 24 hours using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale. Data were compared using a mixed effects model or a Mann-Whitney test.<br />Results: More dogs required ephedrine in FLK than in DLK (67% versus 7%). Heart rate was not significantly different between groups, whereas lower values of MAP (p ≤ 0.01) and Fe'Sevo (p = 0.018) were observed in FLK than in DLK. Rescue analgesia was administered to 2/15 dogs in FLK and 0/14 dogs in DLK.<br />Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Based on the cardiovascular response during surgery, intraoperative infusions of FLK and DLK provided adequate antinociception. Infusion of DLK provided greater stability of blood pressure. Both protocols resulted in minimal need for additional analgesia within 24 hours postoperatively.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Dogs surgery
Female
Anesthetics, Intravenous administration & dosage
Anesthetics, Intravenous pharmacology
Infusions, Intravenous veterinary
Mammary Neoplasms, Animal surgery
Prospective Studies
Anesthetics, Inhalation administration & dosage
Dexmedetomidine administration & dosage
Dexmedetomidine pharmacology
Ketamine administration & dosage
Ketamine pharmacology
Pain, Postoperative veterinary
Pain, Postoperative drug therapy
Pain, Postoperative prevention & control
Mastectomy veterinary
Sevoflurane administration & dosage
Sevoflurane pharmacology
Lidocaine administration & dosage
Lidocaine pharmacology
Fentanyl administration & dosage
Fentanyl pharmacology
Dog Diseases surgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1467-2995
- Volume :
- 51
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38744657
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.006