[Effect of peripheral blood inflammatory indicators on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Objective: To investigate the impact of peripheral blood inflammatory indicators on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to include 178 patients with Ⅲ-Ⅳ NSCLC complicated with COPD who received at least 2 times of immunotherapy in Xinqiao Hospital of the Army Medical University from January 2019 to August 2021. Baseline peripheral blood inflammatory indicators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were collected within 2 weeks before the first treatment, with the last one being on or before February 7, 2022. X-tile software was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of peripheral blood inflammatory indicators. The Cox multivariate regression models were used to analyze the factors affecting progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Among the 178 patients, there were 174 males (97.8%) and 4 females (2.2%); the age ranged from 42 to 86 (64.3±8.3) years old.There were 30 cases (16.9%) of immunotherapy monotherapy, 114 cases (64.0%) of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, 21 cases (11.8%) of immunotherapy combined with antivascular therapy, and 13 cases (7.3%) of immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy. The median follow-up period was 14.5 months (95% CI : 13.6-15.3 months). The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 44.9% (80/178) and 90.4% (161/178) for the whole group, the median PFS was 14.6 months (95% CI : 11.6-17.6 months), and the median OS was 25.7 months (95% CI : 18.0-33.4 months). The results of Cox multivariate analysis showed that IL-6>9.9 ng/L ( HR =5.885, 95% CI : 2.558-13.543, P <0.01), TNF-α>8.8 ng/L ( HR =3.213, 95% CI : 1.468-7.032, P =0.003), IL-8>202 ng/L ( HR =2.614, 95% CI : 1.054-6.482, P =0.038), systemic immune inflammatory index (SII)>2 003.95 ( HR =2.976, 95% CI : 1.647-5.379, P <0.001) were risk factors for PFS, and advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI)>171.15 was protective factor for PFS ( HR =0.545, 95% CI : 0.344-0.863, P =0.010). IL-6>9.9 ng/L( HR =6.124, 95% CI : 1.950-19.228, P <0.002), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)>190.7 U/L ( HR =2.776, 95% CI : 1.020-7.556, P =0.046), SII>2 003.95 ( HR =4.521, 95% CI : 2.241-9.120, P <0.001) were risk factors for OS, and ALI>171.15 was a protective factor for OS ( HR =0.434, 95% CI: 0.243-0.778, P =0.005). Conclusion: Baseline high levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, SII, LDH, and low levels of ALI are risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with advanced NSCLC-COPD receiving immunotherapy.