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The C-terminus of the prototypical M2 muscarinic receptor localizes to the mitochondria and regulates cell respiration under stress conditions.
- Source :
-
PLoS biology [PLoS Biol] 2024 Apr 29; Vol. 22 (4), pp. e3002582. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 29 (Print Publication: 2024). - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are prototypical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), members of a large family of 7 transmembrane receptors mediating a wide variety of extracellular signals. We show here, in cultured cells and in a murine model, that the carboxyl terminal fragment of the muscarinic M2 receptor, comprising the transmembrane regions 6 and 7 (M2tail), is expressed by virtue of an internal ribosome entry site localized in the third intracellular loop. Single-cell imaging and import in isolated yeast mitochondria reveals that M2tail, whose expression is up-regulated in cells undergoing integrated stress response, does not follow the normal route to the plasma membrane, but is almost exclusively sorted to the mitochondria inner membrane: here, it controls oxygen consumption, cell proliferation, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing oxidative phosphorylation. Crispr/Cas9 editing of the key methionine where cap-independent translation begins in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), reveals the physiological role of this process in influencing cell proliferation and oxygen consumption at the endogenous level. The expression of the C-terminal domain of a GPCR, capable of regulating mitochondrial function, constitutes a hitherto unknown mechanism notably unrelated to its canonical signaling function as a GPCR at the plasma membrane. This work thus highlights a potential novel mechanism that cells may use for controlling their metabolism under variable environmental conditions, notably as a negative regulator of cell respiration.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.<br /> (Copyright: © 2024 Fasciani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Humans
Mice
Cell Proliferation
HEK293 Cells
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells metabolism
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Oxygen Consumption
Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism
Stress, Physiological
Cell Respiration
Mitochondria metabolism
Receptor, Muscarinic M2 metabolism
Receptor, Muscarinic M2 genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1545-7885
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- PLoS biology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38683874
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002582