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Functional evaluation of Bacillus licheniformis PF9 for its potential in controlling enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in weaned piglets.
- Source :
-
Translational animal science [Transl Anim Sci] 2024 Apr 03; Vol. 8, pp. txae050. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 03 (Print Publication: 2024). - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- During the bacterial selection, isolate PF9 demonstrated tolerance to low pH and high bile salt and an ability to extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ( ETEC ; P < 0.05). Thirty-two weaned piglets susceptible to ETEC F4 were randomly allocated to four treatments as follows: 1) non-challenged negative control group ( NNC ; basal diet and piglets gavaged with phosphate-buffered saline), 2) negative control group ( NC ; basal diet and piglets challenged with ETEC F4, 3 × 10 <superscript>7</superscript> CFU per pig), 3) positive control ( PC ; basal diet + 80 mg·kg <superscript>-1</superscript> of avilamycin and piglets challenged with ETEC F4), and 4) probiotic candidate (PF9; control basal diet + 2.5 × 10 <superscript>9</superscript> CFU·kg <superscript>-1</superscript> diet of B. licheniformis PF9 and piglets challenged with ETEC F4). The infection of ETEC F4 decreased average daily gain and gain:feed in the NC group when compared to the NNC group ( P < 0.05). The inoculation of ETEC F4 induced severe diarrhea at 3 h postinoculum ( hpi ), 36, 40 hpi in the NC group when compared to the NNC group ( P < 0.05). The supplementation of B. licheniformis PF9 significantly relieved diarrhea severity at 3 hpi when compared to the NC group ( P < 0.05). The inoculation of ETEC F4 reduced duodenal, jejunal, and ileal villus height ( VH ) in the NC group when compared to the NNC group. A significant ( P < 0.05) decrease was detected in the duodenal VH in the PC and NNC groups. Moreover, the NNC group had a reduced relative mRNA level of Na <superscript>+</superscript> -glucose cotransporter 1 ( SGLT1 ) when compared to the NC group ( P < 0.05). Compared to the NC and NNC groups, the supplementation of B. licheniformis PF9 increased the relative mRNA levels of aminopeptidase N, occludin, zonula occludens-1, and SGLT1 ( P < 0.05). The supplementation of B. licheniformis PF9 also significantly increased the relative mRNA level of excitatory amino acid transporter 1 when compared to the NC group ( P < 0.05). Piglets supplemented with B. licheniformis PF9 showed lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the colon than piglets from the NNC group ( P < 0.05). The NNC group had a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes in the ileum than all the challenged piglets ( P < 0.05); however, a lower relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the ileum and colon was observed in the NC group ( P < 0.05). This study provides evidence that B. licheniformis PF9 has the potential to improve the gut health of piglets under challenging conditions.<br />Competing Interests: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.<br /> (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2573-2102
- Volume :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Translational animal science
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38665217
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txae050