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Association between area-level walkability and glycated haemoglobin: a Portuguese population-based study.
- Source :
-
BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2024 Apr 23; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 1116. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 23. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Diabetes poses a substantial disease burden, prompting preventive interventions. Physical inactivity, a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, can potentially be mitigated by enhancing area-level walkability. Despite this, limited population-based studies have investigated the link between walkability and objective diabetes measures. Our study aims to estimate the association between area-level walkability and individual glycated haemoglobin levels in the Portuguese adult population without the diagnosis of diabetes. Data from the 2011 census and an updated street map were obtained to construct a walkability index based on residential density, land-use mix, and street connectivity. Individual health data were sourced from The National Health Examination Survey (INSEF) 2015, a representative survey of the Portuguese adult population. Gamma regression was employed for estimation of the main associations, revealing that residing in moderately walkable areas significantly reduced average glycated haemoglobin levels (Exp(β) = 0.906; 95% CI: 0.821, 0.999) compared to the least walkable areas. The association was less pronounced and not statistically significant for the third tertile of walkability (Exp(β) = 0.919; 95% CI: 0.822, 1.028). Our findings highlight a nonlinear protective association between walkability and glycated haemoglobin, emphasizing the potential policy implications for urban planning, diabetes prevention, and health promotion.<br /> (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Portugal epidemiology
Male
Female
Adult
Middle Aged
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 prevention & control
Aged
Residence Characteristics statistics & numerical data
Health Surveys
Young Adult
Glycated Hemoglobin analysis
Walking statistics & numerical data
Environment Design statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1471-2458
- Volume :
- 24
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- BMC public health
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38654178
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18627-2