Achieving a smooth "adsorption-diffusion-conversion" of polysulfides enabled by MnO 2 -ZnS p-n heterojunction for Li-S battery.

The commercial application of lithium-sulfur batteries is primarily impeded by the constant shuttling of soluble polysulfides and sluggish redox kinetics. Nowadays, the discovery of the heterojunction, which combines materials with diverse properties, offers a new perspective for overcoming these obstacles. Herein, a functional coating separator for the lithium-sulfur battery is designed using a MnO ₂ -ZnS p-n heterojunction with a spontaneous built-in electric field (BIEF). The MnO ₂ nanowire provides suitable adsorption capacity for polysulfides, while the abundant reactive sites brought by ZnS ensure efficient conversion. Moreover, the BIEF significantly facilitates the migration of electrons and polysulfides at the MnO ₂ -ZnS interface, enabling a smooth "adsorption-diffusion-conversion" reaction mechanism. By serving as both the adsorption module and catalytic sites, this BIEF allows batteries utilizing separators modified with MnO ₂ -ZnS heterojunction to achieve an impressive initial capacity of 1511.1 mAh g ^-1 at 0.1C and maintain a capacity decay rate of merely 0.048% per cycle at 2.0C after 1000 cycles. Even when increasing sulfur loading to 9.4 mg cm ^-2 in lean electrolyte (5.4 μL mg ^-1 ), the battery still exhibits an ultrahigh areal capacity of 6.0 mAh cm ^-2 after 100 cycles.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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