Health status of children's first permanent molars in Henan province from 2015 to 2020.

Objectives: To investigate the eruption, caries, and pit and fissure sealing of the first permanent molars in children aged 6-9 years in Henan province.
Methods: The data of oral health examination in Henan province from 2015 to 2020 were analyzed in the information management system of China Children Oral Disease Comprehensive Intervention Project.
Results: Among 486 865 children in Henan province, the total eruption rate of the four first permanent molars was 73.44%, The prevalence rate of dental caries was 30.35%, DMFT was 0.67±1.18, the ratio of caries fil-ling was 4.45%, and the rate of pit and fissure sealing was 2.36%. From 2015 to 2020, the total eruption rates of the four first permanent molars in children aged 6, 7, and 8 showed a decreasing trend ( χ ² _trend was 385.793, 964.142, and 71.964, respectively, all P <0.05). The prevalence rates of dental caries, DMFT caries filling ratio, and pit and fissure sealing rate in children aged 6-9 increased ( χ ² _trend / F _trend was 1 115.87, 1 270.53, 1 215.02, 763.48, respectively, all P <0.05). The total eruption rates of the four first permanent molars in suburban counties (75.41%) were higher than those in urban areas (71.90%) ( χ ² =756.44, P <0.05). The prevalence rates of dental caries, DMFT, filling ratio, and pit and fissure sealing rate in urban areas (34.23%, 0.76±1.24, 4.99%, and 3.75%, respectively) were higher than those in suburban areas (25.39%, 0.55±1.09, 3.50%, and 0.58%, respectively) ( χ ² was 4 435.30, 3 922.56, 390.89, and 5 262.76, respectively, P <0.05). The first permanent molar eruption completely rate maxillary (84.96%) was higher than mandible (82.88%) ( χ ² =1 565.70, P <0.05), and the dental caries risk of the mandible (26.07%) was higher than that of the upper (13.88%) ( χ ² =38 112.53, P <0.05).
Conclusions: The health status of the first permanent molars of children aged 6-9 years in Henan province is not optimistic. The eruption rate decreased, the incidence of caries increased, and the rates of caries filling and pit and fissure sealing were low. We should pay attention to children's eating habits and oral health, strengthen oral health education, and improve oral health awareness.