Back to Search
Start Over
The ion channel basis of pharmacological effects of amiodarone on myocardial electrophysiological properties, a comprehensive review.
- Source :
-
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie [Biomed Pharmacother] 2024 May; Vol. 174, pp. 116513. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 01. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Amiodarone is a benzofuran-based class III antiarrhythmic agent frequently used for the treatment of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. The primary target of class III antiarrhythmic drugs is the cardiac human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) encoded channel, KCNH2, commonly known as HERG, that conducts the rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium current (I <subscript>Kr</subscript> ). Like other class III antiarrhythmic drugs, amiodarone exerts its physiologic effects mainly through I <subscript>Kr</subscript> blockade, delaying the repolarization phase of the action potential and extending the effective refractory period. However, while many class III antiarrhythmics, including sotalol and dofetilide, can cause long QT syndrome (LQTS) that can progress to torsade de pointes, amiodarone displays less risk of inducing this fatal arrhythmia. This review article discusses the arrhythmogenesis in LQTS from the aspects of the development of early afterdepolarizations (EADs) associated with Ca <superscript>2+</superscript> current, transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR), as well as reverse use dependence associated with class III antiarrhythmic drugs to highlight electropharmacological effects of amiodarone on the myocardium.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors of the manuscript hereby declare no competing interests.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Animals
Action Potentials drug effects
Ion Channels metabolism
Ion Channels drug effects
Myocardium metabolism
Electrophysiological Phenomena drug effects
Long QT Syndrome physiopathology
Long QT Syndrome chemically induced
Long QT Syndrome drug therapy
Amiodarone pharmacology
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents pharmacology
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents therapeutic use
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1950-6007
- Volume :
- 174
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38565056
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116513