Real-world clinical remission of severe asthma with benralizumab in Spanish adults with severe asthma.

Objective: Patients with severe eosinophilic asthma experience high risk of exacerbations and reduced quality of life. Benralizumab, a monoclonal antibody binding to IL-5 receptor α subunit, is an approved drug for its treatment. The objective was to describe clinical remission after benralizumab prescription in routine clinical practice.
Methods: Retrospective multicenter study with data from four hospitals in Valencian Community (Spain) with asthma units between 2019 and 2020. Data was gathered at baseline and after 12 months. We considered clinical remission after 1 year if the patient remained without exacerbations and use of systemic corticosteroids and with good clinical control and normal lung function.
Results: Data from 139 patients was gathered. At the 12-month follow-up, 44.1% were in clinical remission, since 84.0%, 77.5%, 51.0% and 95.5% of patients did not experience exacerbations, had total asthma control test score of ≥20, prebronchodilator FEV ₁ of ≥80% and did not use systemic corticosteroids. A significant reduction of long-acting muscarinic antagonists ( p  = 0.0001), leukotriene receptor antagonists ( p  = 0.0326), oral corticosteroids ( p  < 0.0001) and short-acting beta agonists ( p  = 0.0499) was observed. Baseline factors with greatest individual influence on clinical remission were employment situation, tobacco use, comorbidity number, eosinophil value, number of exacerbations, FEV ₁ , emergency visit number, and ACT, MiniAQLQ and TAI scores. Final analysis of multiple logistic regression indicated that having baseline FEV ₁ value below 80% increases remission chance 9.7 times a year compared to FEV ₁ >80%.
Conclusion: Clinical remission after treatment with benralizumab is achievable in a high percentage of patients with severe asthma eosinophilia not controlled in real life.