Causal effects from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on cholelithiasis: A mendelian randomization study.

Background and Aims: Both nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cholelithiasis are highly prevalent hepatobiliary diseases with risk of progression into severe outcomes. Considering the close relationship between liver and gallbladder in anatomy and physiology, a potential causal relationship between NAFLD and cholelithiasis has been speculated.
Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics in Million Veteran Program (MVP) for NAFLD, and statistics in UK biobank for cholelithiasis.
Results: Our results demonstrate that NAFLD has a causal effect on cholelithiasis risk (OR, 1.003; 95%CI, 1.000-1.006; p  = 0.03). We also performed the sensitivity analysis and heterogeneity test to ensure the accuracy of outcome and avoid the reverse causality.
Conclusion: NAFLD should be regarded as a potential pathogenic factor in pathogenesis study of cholelithiasis, and be considered in assessment and treatment of cholelithiasis.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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