One-Year Comparative Effectiveness of Upadacitinib vs Tofacitinib for Ulcerative Colitis: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Introduction: The comparative effectiveness of upadacitinib and tofacitinib for ulcerative colitis (UC) is poorly understood.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we compared steroid-free clinical remission (SFCR) and endoscopic response/remission at 52 weeks among adults initiating upadacitinib or tofacitinib for UC.
Results: A total of 155 patients initiated upadacitinib (n = 81; 30% prior tofacitinib exposure) or tofacitinib (n = 74; 0% prior upadacitinib exposure). After inverse probability of treatment-weighted logistic regression, upadacitinib was associated with significantly higher odds of SFCR (odds ratio 3.01, 95% confidence interval 1.39-6.55) vs tofacitinib. There were no differences for endoscopic response/remission.
Discussion: Upadacitinib was more effective at achieving SFCR in UC at 52 weeks vs tofacitinib.
(Copyright © 2024 by The American College of Gastroenterology.)