Altered Intrinsic Brain Spontaneous Activities in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Comorbid ADHD.

Objective: The study involved 17 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), 21 with ADHD, 30 with both (ASD + ADHD), and 28 typically developing children (TD).
Methods: The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was measured as a regional brain function index. Intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) was also analyzed using the region of interest (ROI) identified in ALFF analysis. Statistical analysis was done via one-way ANCOVA, Gaussian random field (GRF) theory, and post-hoc pair-wise comparisons.
Results: The ASD + ADHD group showed increased ALFF in the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG.L) compared to the TD group. In terms of global brain function, the ASD group displayed underconnectivity in specific regions compared to the ASD + ADHD and TD groups.
Conclusion: The findings contribute to understanding the neural mechanisms underlying ASD + ADHD.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.