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Associations among antimicrobial use, calf management practices, and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from a pooled fecal sample in calves on Canadian dairy farms: A cross-sectional study.
- Source :
-
Journal of dairy science [J Dairy Sci] 2024 Jul; Vol. 107 (7), pp. 4961-4972. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 07. - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine associations between calf management practices, the number of antimicrobial treatments, and antimicrobial resistance in preweaning heifers on Canadian dairy farms. A composite of 5 fecal samples from preweaning calves was collected from 142 dairy farms in 5 provinces and analyzed for phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility with the microbroth dilution method. Questionnaires were used to capture herd characteristics and calf management practices used on the farm. Calf treatment records were collected during the farm visits. Escherichia coli was isolated from all 142 fecal samples with the highest resistance to tetracycline (41%), followed by sulfisoxazole (36%), streptomycin (32%), chloramphenicol (28%), ampicillin (16%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (15%), ceftriaxone (4.2%), cefoxitin (2.8%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (2.1%), ciprofloxacin (2.1%), nalidixic acid (2.1%), azithromycin (1.4%), and gentamicin (1.4%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 37% of E. coli isolates. Three-quarters of farms used fresh colostrum as the most common type of colostrum fed to calves. Colostrum quality was checked on 49% of farms, but the transfer of passive immunity was only checked on 32% of farms in the last 12 mo. Almost 70% of farms used straw or hay or a combination as the bedding material for calves. Among the 142 farms, a complete set of calf records were collected from 71 farms. In a multivariable logistic regression model, farms with ≥1.99 to 32.57 antimicrobial treatments/calf-year were 3.2 times more likely to have multidrug resistant E. coli in calf feces compared farms with <1.99 antimicrobial treatments/calf-year. Farms using hay or straw beddings were 5.1 times less likely to have multidrug resistant E. coli compared with those with other bedding materials including shavings or sawdust. Bedding management practices on farms may need to be investigated to reduce the potential effect on disseminating multidrug resistant bacteria.<br /> (The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association®. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Cattle
Cross-Sectional Studies
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
Female
Canada
Escherichia coli Infections veterinary
Anti-Infective Agents therapeutic use
Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology
Cattle Diseases microbiology
Farms
Dairying
Escherichia coli drug effects
Feces microbiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1525-3198
- Volume :
- 107
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of dairy science
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38331174
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2023-24262