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MOF-Enabled Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid and Robust Sensing of V-Series Nerve Agents at Low Concentrations.
- Source :
-
ACS applied materials & interfaces [ACS Appl Mater Interfaces] 2024 Feb 21; Vol. 16 (7), pp. 9569-9580. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 08. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Among nerve agents, V-series nerve agents are some of the most toxic, making low-concentration detection critical for the protection of individuals, populations, and strategic resources. Electrochemical sensors are ideally suited for the real-time and in-field sensing of these agents. While V-series nerve agents are inherently nonelectroactive, they can be hydrolyzed to electroactive products compatible with electrochemical sensing. Zr(IV) MOFs are next-generation nanoporous materials that have been shown to rapidly catalyze the hydrolysis of nerve agents. This work makes use of these nanomaterials to develop, for the first time, an MOF-enabled electrochemical sensor for V-series nerve agents. Our work demonstrates that the VX thiol hydrolysis product can be electrochemically detected at low concentrations using commercially available gold electrodes. We demonstrate that low-concentration thiol oxidation is an irreversible reaction that is dependent on both mass transport and adsorption. Demeton-S-methylsulfon, a VX simulant, is used to demonstrate the full range of sensor operation that includes hydrolysis and electrochemical detection. We demonstrate that MOF-808 rapidly, selectively, and completely hydrolyzes demeton-S-methylsulfon to less-hazardous dimethyl phosphate and 2-ethylsulfonylethanethiol. Low-concentration measurements of 2-ethylsulfonylethanethiol are performed by using electrochemical techniques. This sensor has a limit of detection of 30 nM or 7.87 μg/L for 2-ethylsulfonylethanethiol, which is near the nerve agent exposure limit for water samples established by the United States military. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of rapid, robust electrochemical sensing of V-series nerve agents at low concentrations for in-field applications.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1944-8252
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- ACS applied materials & interfaces
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38329224
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c19185