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Comparison of timing of relapse in dogs with nonassociative immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, or polyarthritis.

Authors :
Sparrow R
Swann JW
Glanemann B
Source :
Journal of veterinary internal medicine [J Vet Intern Med] 2024 Mar-Apr; Vol. 38 (2), pp. 1035-1042. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 02.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Background: Relapse is a clinical concern in dogs diagnosed with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA), thrombocytopenia (ITP), or polyarthritis (IMPA). The average time to relapse is unknown, and evidence that vaccination is associated with disease relapse is lacking.<br />Hypothesis/objectives: Compare the incidence of relapse in groups of dogs with IMHA, ITP, or IMPA over a 24-month period after diagnosis and compare proportions of dogs that received vaccines in those dogs that did and did not relapse.<br />Animals: One hundred sixty client-owned dogs (73 with IMHA, 55 with ITP, 32 with IMPA).<br />Methods: Medical records of dogs were reviewed with the goal of following cases for a minimum of 2 years. Incidence of relapse was calculated for each disease, and relapse rates in dogs that were or were not vaccinated after diagnosis were compared.<br />Results: Relapse rates at 12 months differed significantly among disease groups (P = .02), with a higher rate for IMPA (35%) compared to IMHA (11%) or ITP (11%). Relapse rate at 24 months was 41% for IMPA, 18% for IMHA, and 23% for ITP. Ninety percent of IMPA relapses occurred in the first 12 months after diagnosis, compared with 56% for IMHA and 50% for ITP. Vaccine administration after diagnosis was not associated with relapse (P = .78).<br />Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Risk of disease relapse in IMPA is highest in the first year after diagnosis, with a higher relapse rate compared with IMHA and ITP. The role of vaccination in disease relapse remains unclear.<br /> (© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1939-1676
Volume :
38
Issue :
2
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Journal of veterinary internal medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
38308396
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17004