Clinical Impact of Root Canal Treatment Combined with Eugenol Cement on Acute Pulpitis and its Influence on Inflammatory Factor Levels.

Background: Acute pulpitis poses a significant clinical challenge. Traditional root canal treatment has been a standard approach, and the incorporation of adjunctive therapies, such as eugenol cement, presents a potential avenue for enhanced efficacy and reduced complications.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of root canal treatment combined with eugenol cement for acute pulpitis and its impact on inflammatory factor levels.
Design: The study employed a parallel, randomized, controlled, experimental design.
Setting: The research was conducted at Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital.
Participants: A total of 92 patients diagnosed with acute pulpitis and seeking treatment at our hospital between August 2020 and November 2021 were included in the study.
Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to two groups with 46 patients in each group: the control group receiving traditional root canal treatment and the experimental group receiving root canal treatment combined with eugenol cement.
Primary Outcome Measures: The primary outcomes assessed included (1) treatment efficiency, (2) masticatory function, (3) complications, and levels of inflammatory factors.
Results: In the study, root canal treatment combined with eugenol cement showed superior efficacy (95.7% vs. 76.1%, P < .05) compared to root canal treatment alone. After one month, both groups exhibited reduced bleeding and gingival indices, with a more significant reduction in the experimental group (P < .05). The combined treatment significantly improved masticatory efficiency and occlusal strength (P < .05). The experimental group had a lower complication rate (6.5% vs. 26.1%, P < .05) and reduced inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, LTB4) compared to the control group (P < .05).
Conclusions: Root canal treatment plus eugenol cement enhances masticatory function, reduces complications and inflammatory response in patients with acute pulpitis, alleviates dental pain and looseness, and mitigates inflammatory responses with fewer adverse effects.