Racial, ethnic and country of origin disparities in aggressive endometrial cancer histologic subtypes.

Objective: This study investigated the risk of an aggressive endometrial cancer (EC) diagnosis by race, ethnicity, and country of origin to further elucidate histologic disparities in non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander (API), American Indian/Alaskan Native (AIAN) vs. non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients, particularly in Hispanic or API subgroups.
Methods: Patient diagnosed between 2004 and 2020 with low grade (LG)-endometrioid endometrial cancer (ECC) or an aggressive EC including grade 3 EEC, serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, mixed epithelial carcinoma, or carcinosarcoma in the National Cancer Database were studied. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for diagnosis of an aggressive EC histology was estimated using logistic modeling.
Results: There were 343,868 NHW, 48,897 NHB, 30,013 Hispanic, 15,015 API and 1646 AIAN patients. The OR (95% CI) for an aggressive EC diagnosis was 3.07 (3.01-3.13) for NHB, 1.08 (1.06-1.11) for Hispanic, 1.17 (1.13-1.21) for API and 1.07 (0.96-1.19) for AIAN, relative to NHW patients. Subset analyses by country of origin illustrated the diversity in the OR for an aggressive EC diagnosis among Hispanic (1.18 for Mexican to 1.87 for Dominican), Asian (1.14 Asian Indian-Pakistani to 1.48 Korean) and Pacific Islander (1.00 for Hawaiian to 1.33 for Samoan) descendants. Hispanic, API and AIAN patients were diagnosed 5-years younger that NHW patients, and the risk for an aggressive EC histology were all significantly higher than NHW patients after correcting for age. Insurance status was another independent risk factor for aggressive histology.
Conclusions: Risk of an aggressive EC diagnosis varied by race, ethnicity, and country of origin. NHB patients had the highest risk, followed by Dominican, South/Central American, Cuban, Korean, Thai, Vietnamese, and Filipino descendants.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Stuart S. Winkler, Chunqiao Tian, Nicholas W. Bateman, Suzanne Jokajtys, Calen W. Kucera, Christopher M. Tarney, Michael T. Richardson, Daniel Kapp, Cheng-I Liao, Megan Reddy, Michele L Cote, Timothy D. O'Connor, Nathaniel L. Jones, Matthew A. Powell, John Farley, Craig D. Shriver, Neil T. Phippen, G. Larry Maxwell and Kathleen M Darcy do not have any potential conflicts to disclose. Chad A. Hamilton reported personal fees from GlaxoSmithKline outside the submitted work. Yovanni Casablanca cited personal fees from AstraZeneca outside the submitted work. John K. Chan reported personal fees from Agenus, AstraZeneca, Eisai, Genmab, GlaxoSmithKline, Immunogen, Mersana, Molecular Targeting Technologies, Myriad, Roche, and Seagen outside the submitted work. Thomas P. Conrads is a ThermoFisher Scientific, Inc. SAB member and receives research funding from AbbVie outside the submitted work. Charles A. Leath, III received funding from the NIH UG1 CA23330 and P50 CA098252, contracted research with Agenus and Seattle Genetics, and served on a scientific advisory board for Seattle Genetics, all outside of the submitted work.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)