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SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 display limited neuronal infection and lack the ability to transmit within synaptically connected axons in stem cell-derived human neurons.
SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 display limited neuronal infection and lack the ability to transmit within synaptically connected axons in stem cell-derived human neurons.
- Source :
-
Journal of neurovirology [J Neurovirol] 2024 Feb; Vol. 30 (1), pp. 39-51. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 03. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Sarbecoviruses such as SARS and SARS-CoV-2 have been responsible for two major outbreaks in humans, the latter resulting in a global pandemic. While sarbecoviruses primarily cause an acute respiratory infection, they have been shown to infect the nervous system. However, mechanisms of sarbecovirus neuroinvasion and neuropathogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we examined the infectivity and trans-synaptic transmission potential of the sarbecoviruses SARS and SARS-CoV-2 in human stem cell-derived neural model systems. We demonstrated limited ability of sarbecoviruses to infect and replicate in human stem cell-derived neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrated an inability of sarbecoviruses to transmit between synaptically connected human stem cell-derived neurons. Finally, we determined an absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in olfactory neurons in experimentally infected ferrets. Collectively, this study indicates that sarbecoviruses exhibit low potential to infect human stem cell-derived neurons, lack an ability to infect ferret olfactory neurons, and lack an inbuilt molecular mechanism to utilise retrograde axonal trafficking and trans-synaptic transmission to spread within the human nervous system.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Animals
Neurons virology
Virus Replication
Chlorocebus aethiops
Neural Stem Cells virology
Vero Cells
SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity
SARS-CoV-2 physiology
COVID-19 virology
COVID-19 transmission
Axons virology
Ferrets virology
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus physiology
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus pathogenicity
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1538-2443
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of neurovirology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38172412
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-023-01187-3