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Factors Influencing Unfractionated Heparin Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics During a Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
- Source :
-
Clinical pharmacokinetics [Clin Pharmacokinet] 2024 Feb; Vol. 63 (2), pp. 211-225. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 02. - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- Background: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is commonly used during cardiac surgery with a cardiopulmonary bypass to prevent blood clotting. However, empirical administration of UFH leads to variable responses. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling can be used to optimize UFH dosing and perform real-time individualization. In previous studies, many factors that could influence UFH pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics had not been taken into account such as hemodilution or the type of UFH. Few covariates were identified probably owing to a lack of statistical power. This study aims to address these limitations through a meta-analysis of individual data from two studies.<br />Methods: An individual patient data meta-analysis was conducted using data from two single-center prospective observational studies, where different UFH types were used for anticoagulation. A pharmacodynamic/pharmacodynamic model of UFH was developed using a non-linear mixed-effects approach. Time-varying covariates such as hemodilution and fluid infusions during a cardiopulmonary bypass were considered.<br />Results: Activities of UFH's anti-activated factor/anti-thrombin were best described by a two-compartment model. Unfractionated heparin clearance was influenced by body weight and the specific UFH type. Volume of distribution was influenced by body weight and pre-operative fibrinogen levels. Pharmacodynamic data followed a log-linear model, accounting for the effect of hemodilution and the pre-operative fibrinogen level. Equations were derived from the model to personalize UFH dosing based on the targeted activated clotting time level and patient covariates.<br />Conclusions: The population model effectively characterized UFH's pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics in cardiopulmonary bypass patients. This meta-analysis incorporated new covariates related to UFH's pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, enabling personalized dosing regimens. The proposed model holds potential for individualization using a Bayesian estimation.<br /> (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1179-1926
- Volume :
- 63
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Clinical pharmacokinetics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38169065
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-023-01334-3