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Comparative transcriptome analysis of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-229E identifying potential IFN/ISGs targets for inhibiting virus replication.
- Source :
-
Frontiers in medicine [Front Med (Lausanne)] 2023 Dec 08; Vol. 10, pp. 1267903. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 08 (Print Publication: 2023). - Publication Year :
- 2023
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Abstract
- Introduction: Since its outbreak in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the world, posing significant threats and challenges to global public health. SARS-CoV-2, together with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, is a highly pathogenic coronavirus that contributes to fatal pneumonia. Understanding the similarities and differences at the transcriptome level between SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, as well as MERS-CoV is critical for developing effective strategies against these viruses.<br />Methods: In this article, we comparatively analyzed publicly available transcriptome data of human cell lines infected with highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and lowly pathogenic HCoV-229E. The host gene expression profiles during human coronavirus (HCoV) infections were generated, and the pathways and biological functions involved in immune responses, antiviral efficacy, and organ damage were intensively elucidated.<br />Results: Our results indicated that SARS-CoV-2 induced a stronger immune response versus the other two highly pathogenic HCoVs. Specifically, SARS-CoV-2 induced robust type I and type III IFN responses, marked by higher upregulation of type I and type III IFNs, as well as numerous interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Further Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed the important role of ISGs for impeding SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the interferon/ISGs could be potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Moreover, our results uncovered that SARS-CoV-2 infection was linked to an enhanced risk of multi-organ toxicity in contrast to the other two highly pathogenic HCoVs.<br />Discussion: These findings provided valuable insights into the pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2, which showed a similar pathological feature but a lower fatality rate compared to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.<br />Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.<br /> (Copyright © 2023 Liu, Lu, Li, Wang, Chen, Yue and Jiang.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2296-858X
- Volume :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 38143441
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1267903