Combination adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-demineralized dentin matrix increase bone marker expression in periodontitis rats.

Background: Periodontal disease is common in both developed and developing countries and affects around 20-50% of the global population, especially in adolescents, adults and the elderly is a public health problem. ADMSCs have the advantage of regenerating damaged tissue with high quality. DDM in the form of slices can improve healing in the mandibular sockets of molar teeth. The combination of ADMSC-DDM is expected to accelerate bone regeneration.
Objectives: To analyze the combination of ADMSCs-DDM at increasing bone marker expression in periodontitis rats.
Methods: This research is experimental with a randomized control group post-test-only design. A total of 50 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) normal group (K); 2) CP model (K + ); 3) CP model and treated with DDM scaffold therapy (K(s)); 4) CP model and treated with ADMSCs-DDM combination therapy (K(sc)). Making a CP model with injected LPS P. gingivalis into interproximal gingiva of the right first and second lower molars. The in vivo research stage was the implantation of the DDM scaffold and the ADMSCs-DDM combination in the rat periodontal pocket. Rats were euthanized on days 7, 14, and 28, and immunohistochemistry of STRO-1, RUNX-2, OSX, COL-I, and OCN was performed. DDM scaffolds are made in 10%, 50% and 100% concentrations for MTT testing. Statistical results were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results: The results of the MTT scaffold DDM were significant in the 10%, 50%, and 100% dilution groups (p < 0.05). The results showed there was a substantial difference in the expression of STRO-1 between the study groups (p < 0.05). The (K(sc)) was significantly higher than the (K) in RUNX-2 expression (p < 0.05). OSX expression showed significant results between study groups (p < 0.05). The expression of OCN and COL-I showed a significant difference in all study groups on day 28, where the (K(sc)) was higher than the (K) (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Administration of the ADMSCs-DDM combination can accelerate alveolar bone regeneration on day 28. There is a mechanism of alveolar bone regeneration through the STRO-1, RUNX-2, OSX, and the COL-I pathway in periodontitis models.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(© 2023 The Authors.)