Splenic infarction: an uncommon yet significant complication in COVID-19 patients - a case series report and literature review.

Splenic infarction is a rare complication observed in some patients affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), with poorly understood clinical features and prognosis. We analyzed the histopathological reports and clinical data from six adult patients admitted to a tertiary care center between 10 October 2020, and 10 January 2021, diagnosed with COVID-19 and splenic infarct. Confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis was established through a nasopharyngeal swab while uncertain diagnoses, children, and non-hospitalized patients were excluded. Splenic infarct was confirmed by abdominal CT scan. The findings indicated a direct impact of the virus on the spleen, evident through a decline in lymphocyte counts. These results emphasize the significance of comprehending the potential complications and pathological changes associated with COVID-19, particularly concerning splenic involvement. The literature review employed a specific keyword search strategy focusing on COVID-19 and splenic infarction case reports. The review highlighted the association between COVID-19 and an increased risk of thromboembolism, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and managing clotting issues. It also underscored the need to consider splenic infarction as a potential complication in COVID-19 patients with abdominal pain. The study highlighted the diverse nature of splenic infarction in COVID-19 patients, necessitating a multidisciplinary management approach and calls for further research to elucidate underlying mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.