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New bithiophene derivative attenuated Alzheimer's disease induced by aluminum in a rat model via antioxidant activity and restoration of neuronal and synaptic transmission.

Authors :
AbdEl-Raouf K
Farrag HSH
Rashed R
Ismail MA
El-Ganzuri MA
El-Sayed WM
Source :
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) [J Trace Elem Med Biol] 2024 Mar; Vol. 82, pp. 127352. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 09.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Background: One of the hypotheses that leads to an increased incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the accumulation of aluminum in the brain's frontal cortex. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic role of a novel bithiophene derivative at two doses against AlCl <subscript>3</subscript> -induced AD in a rat model.<br />Methodology: Adult male rats were divided into six groups, 18 rats each. Group 1: naïve animals, group 2: animals received a daily oral administration of bithiophene dissolved in DMSO (1 mg/kg) for 30 days every other day, groups 3-6: animals received a daily oral administration of AlCl <subscript>3</subscript> (100 mg/kg/day) for 45 consecutive days. Groups 4 and 5 received an oral administration of low or high dose of the bithiophene (0.5 or 1 mg/kg, respectively). Group 6; Animals were treated with a daily oral dose of memantine (20 mg/kg) for 30 consecutive days.<br />Main Findings: Al disturbed the antioxidant milieu, elevated the lipid peroxidation, and depleted the antioxidants. It also disturbed the synaptic neurotransmission by elevating the activities of acetylcholine esterase and monoamine oxidase resulting in the depletion of dopamine and serotonin and accumulation of glutamate and norepinephrine. Al also deteriorated the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and the production of amyloid-β plaques as well as phosphorylation of tau. The new bithiophene at the low dose reversed most of the previous deleterious effects of aluminum in the cerebral cortex and was in many instances superior to the reference drug; memantine.<br />Conclusion: Taking together, the bithiophene modulated the AD etiology through antioxidant activity, prevention of neuronal and synaptic loss, and probably mitigating the formation of amyloid-β plaques and phosphorylation of tau.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br /> (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1878-3252
Volume :
82
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
38070385
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127352