Back to Search Start Over

Modifiable Risk Factors and Trends in Changes in Glucose Regulation during the First Three Years Postdelivery: The St Carlos Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Cohort.

Authors :
Arnoriaga-Rodriguez M
Melero V
Barabash A
Valerio J
Del Valle L
O'Connor RM
de Miguel P
Diaz JA
Familiar C
Moraga I
Duran A
Jimenez I
Cuesta M
Torrejon MJ
Martinez-Novillo M
Runkle I
Pazos M
Rubio MA
Matia-Martín P
Calle-Pascual AL
Source :
Nutrients [Nutrients] 2023 Dec 01; Vol. 15 (23). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 01.
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Objective: Evaluation of the influence of potential risk factors (RFs) on glycemic changes at 3 years postpartum.<br />Methods: The glycemic status of 1400 women, in absence of a new pregnancy, was evaluated at 3 months (3 m) and 3 years (3 y) postpartum, after participation in the St. Carlos Gestational Study (2228 normoglycemic pregnant women followed from before gestational week 12 to delivery, from 2015-2017). Abnormal glucose regulation (AGR) was defined as fasting serum glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL and/or HbA1c ≥ 5.7% and/or 2 h 75 g OGTT glucose ≥ 140 mg/dL. In total, 12 modifiable and 3 unmodifiable RFs were analyzed.<br />Results: 3 m postpartum, 110/1400 (7.9%) women had AGR; 3 y postpartum, 137 (9.8%) women exhibited AGR (110 with 3 m normal glucose tolerance [NGT]); 1263 (90.2%) had NGT (83 with 3 m AGR). More women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) progressed to AGR at 3 y (OR: 1.60 [1.33-1.92]) than women without GDM. Yet, most women with 3 m and/or 3 y AGR had no GDM history. Having ≥2 unmodifiable RFs was associated with increased risk for progression to AGR (OR: 1.90 [1.28-2.83]) at 3 y postpartum. Having >5/12 modifiable RFs was associated with increased progression from NGT to AGR (OR: 1.40 [1.00-2.09]) and AGR persistence (OR: 2.57 [1.05-6.31]). Pregestational BMI ≥ 25 kg/m <superscript>2</superscript> (OR: 0.59 [0.41-0.85]), postdelivery weight gain (OR: 0.53 [0.29-0.94]), and waist circumference > 89.5 cm (OR: 0.54 [0.36-0.79]) reduced the likelihood of NGT persisting at 3 y.<br />Conclusions: 3-month and/or 3-year postpartum AGR can be detected if sought in women with no prior GDM. Modifiable and unmodifiable RF predictors of AGR at 3 y postpartum were identified. Universal screening for glycemic alterations should be considered in all women following delivery, regardless of prior GDM. These findings could be useful to design personalized strategies in women with risk factors for 3 y AGR.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2072-6643
Volume :
15
Issue :
23
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Nutrients
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
38068853
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234995