Back to Search Start Over

Excess dietary sugar impairs Drosophila adult stem cells via elevated reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling.

Excess dietary sugar impairs Drosophila adult stem cells via elevated reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling.

Authors :
Huang WH
Kajal K
Wibowo RH
Amartuvshin O
Kao SH
Rastegari E
Lin CH
Chiou KL
Pi HW
Ting CT
Hsu HJ
Source :
Development (Cambridge, England) [Development] 2024 Jan 01; Vol. 151 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 02.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

High-sugar diets (HSDs) often lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes, both metabolic syndromes associated with stem cell dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether excess dietary sugar affects stem cells. Here, we report that HSD impairs stem cell function in the intestine and ovaries of female Drosophila prior to the onset of insulin resistance, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Although 1 week of HSD leads to obesity, impaired oogenesis and altered lipid metabolism, insulin resistance does not occur. HSD increases glucose uptake by germline stem cells (GSCs) and triggers reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling, which reduces GSC proliferation. Removal of excess sugar from the diet reverses these HSD-induced phenomena. A similar phenomenon is found in intestinal stem cells (ISCs), except that HSD disrupts ISC maintenance and differentiation. Interestingly, tumor-like GSCs and ISCs are less responsive to HSD, which may be because of their dependence on glycolytic metabolism and high energy demand, respectively. This study suggests that excess dietary sugar induces oxidative stress and damages stem cells before insulin resistance develops, a mechanism that may also occur in higher organisms.<br />Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests.<br /> (© 2024. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1477-9129
Volume :
151
Issue :
1
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Development (Cambridge, England)
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
38063853
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.201772