In silico bioavailability triggers applied to direct and indirect thyroid hormone disruptors.

Among endocrine disruption, interference with the thyroid hormone (TH) regulation is of increasing concern. Respective compounds encode through their structural features both the potential for TH disruption, and the bioavailability mitigating the toxicological effect. The aim of this study is to provide a substructure-based screening-level QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) that discriminates bioavailable TH disruptors from not bioavailable counterparts, covering both direct and indirect (retinoid- and AhR-mediated) modes of action. The QSAR has been derived from literature data for 1642 compounds, and takes into account Lipinski's rule-of-five and the brain/blood partition coefficient K _brain/blood . For its validation, an external test set of 145 substances has been used. For 1787 compounds meeting the model application domain, the model yields only one false negative. The discussion addresses the mechanistic meaning of the bioavailability triggers molecular weight, H-bond donor and acceptor, hydrophobicity (log K _ow ), and the physicochemical properties underlying log K _brain/blood . The model may serve as bioavailability-screening step within a decision support system for the predictive assessment of chemicals regarding their potential to disrupt thyroid hormone function in a direct or indirect manner.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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