Vaccine value profile for norovirus.

Norovirus is attributed to nearly 1 out of every 5 episodes of diarrheal disease globally and is estimated to cause approximately 200,000 deaths annually worldwide, with 70,000 or more among children in developing countries. Noroviruses remain a leading cause of sporadic disease and outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis even in industrialized settings, highlighting that improved hygiene and sanitation alone may not be fully effective in controlling norovirus. Strengths in global progress towards a Norovirus vaccine include a diverse though not deep pipeline which includes multiple approaches, including some with proven technology platforms (e.g., VLP-based HPV vaccines). However, several gaps in knowledge persist, including a fulsome mechanistic understanding of how the virus attaches to human host cells, internalizes, and induces disease.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest BAL reports personal fees from Epidemiological Research and Methods, LLC. MO acknowledges financial support from ANID PIA/PUENTE AFB220003 and reports receiving grants and research support from Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Bharat Biotech International Limited, and HilleVax Inc. CFL declares that he receives research grant funding to his Institute from Takeda Vaccines Inc. and HilleVax Inc. for norovirus epidemiology and a norovirus vaccine phase II trial, respectively. All other authors declare no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)