The suitability of a polydimethylsiloxane-based (PDMS) microfluidic two compartment system for the toxicokinetic analysis of organophosphorus compounds.

Organ-on-a-chip platforms are an emerging technology in experimental and regulatory toxicology (species-specific differences, ethical considerations). They address gaps between in vivo and in vitro models. However, there are still certain limitations considering material, setup and applicability. The current study examined the suitability of a commercially available polydimethylsiloxane-based (PDMS) organ-chip for the toxicokinetic characterization of the highly toxic nerve agent VX and the organophosphate pesticide parathion. The respective concentrations of 1000 µmol/L and 100 µmol/L VX and parathion were chosen deliberately high in order to study concentrations even if high compound absorption by PDMS might occur. Neuronal and liver spheroids, totaling 2 × 10 ⁶ cells were used to study concentration changes of VX and parathion. In addition, VX enantiomers were quantified. The current study suggests a significant absorption of VX, respectively parathion by PDMS. This might require future investigation of alternative materials or coatings to limit absorption for organophosphorus compounds in toxicokinetic studies.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Prof. Dr. Franz Worek is a member of the Editorial Board of Toxicology Letters Dr. Niko Amend is Executive Guest Editor of the Special Issue in Toxicology Letters.
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